Museum of: Budapest
    Name of the artefact: Idol head fragment
   
Roughly worked head of an idol from clay made lean with sand and chaff. The eyes and the mouth are represented by short incisions, the eyebrows by ribs in relief. The head is flat, the forehead receding.
                                 
 
WHERE IS IT AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
 
STATE
 
Department:
Department of Prehistoric and Migration Period
Preservation:
Very good
Inventory number:
BTM GY/1302
Restauration:
Restored
Name of the artefact:
Idol head fragment
Completeness:
Complete
Object type:
Human figurine
 
Material:
Clay with sand
Methof of manufacture:
Hand made
Decoration type:
Incision
Distinctive mark:
Depiction of the face
DIMENSIONS
 
PERIOD OF USE
Length (mm):
-
Epoque:
Neolithic Age
Heigth (mm):
51
Culture:
Transdanubian Linear Pottery Culture
Diameter (mm):
-
Period:
Middle Neolithic Age
Width (mm):
33
Face:
Middle
Thickness (mm):
-
Absolute chronology:
5200-4900 BC
Weight (g):
30
DISCOVERY
Date:
2004
Country:
Hungary
District:
Budapest, XI
Town hall affiliation:
-
Village:
-
Discovery findspot:
Budapest-Kőérberek-Tóváros
Condition of discovery:
Chance Discovery
Discovery type:
Deposit
 
ANALYSES – DETERMINATIONS
 
FILLED IN BY
Type:
-
Name:
László András Horváth
Laboratory:
-
Institution:
Budapest History Museum
No./Code:
-
Date:
20/10/2005
 
DEEPENINGS

Morphology of the object:

Roughly worked head of an idol from clay made lean with sand and chaff. The eyes and the mouth are represented by short incisions, the eyebrows by ribs in relief. The head is flat, the forehead receding. The rear of the head becomes narrow starting from the nape. On its two sides two small knobs can be seen, perhaps to symbolize the arms. The rest of the body can only be guessed, perhaps was once a statuette-like form.

Decoration:

The facial marks are worked with both incised and relief techniques.

Inscription:

-

Analogies:

This idol fragment resembles to some extent the idols and other facial representations of the linear pattern pottery of the Alföld region in Hungary (Domboróczky 1997, 2. kép; Domboróczky 1999, fig. 14, 15; Domboróczky 2001, Plate 9-10; Kovács 2001, 4. kép 10; Kalicz – Koós 2000, 14. Kép 6; Kalicz – Koós 1997, Abb. 4, 1; Abb. 5, 3-4), but it is also somewhat similar to the portrayal of human figures of the Körös culture (Kalicz – Makkay 1977, Taf. 8, 1-2), although it does not exactly match either of the two styles.

Interpretation:

The bottom of the idol was damaged during the excavation, thus
Bibliography:
Horváth, L. A., Korom, A., Terei, Gy., Szilas, G., Reményi, L., Előzetes jelentés az épülő Kőérberek, Tóváros-Lakópark területén folyó régészeti feltárásról. Preliminary report on the archaeological excavation conducted parallel to the construction on the territory of the Kőérberek, Tóváros Residental District. Aquincumi Füzetek 11 (2005), p. 137-167. L. Domboróczki: Füzesabony-Gubakút. Újkőkori falu a Kr. e. VI. Évezredből = Neolithic village from the 6th Millennium B.C. In: Raczky – Kovács – Anders (ed.) Utak a múltba (Paths into the past) Az M3-as autópálya régészeti leletmentései (Rescue excavations on the M3 motorway) Budapest 1997, 19-25. Domboróczki, L.: Az újkőkor idősebb szakasza ÉK-Magyarországon, a Heves megyei régészeti leletek fényében (The older phase of the neolithic in North-eastern Hungary in the light of archaeological finds from Heves County). In: Early farmers in Europe (A korai földművelők Európában) 1999, 15-47. Domboróczki, L.: The excavations at Füzesabony-Gubakút. Preliminary report. In: R. Kertész – J. Makkay (ed.) From the mesolithic to the neolithic. Proceedings of the International Archaeological Conference held in the Damjanich Museum of Szolnok, September 22-27, 1996. 193-214. it is difficult to decide whether it was intended as an independent statuette, or as a figure in relief applied to the rim of a vessel. Kalicz, N. – Makkay J.: Frühneolithische Siedlung in Méhtelek – Nádas (Vorbericht). MAIU 6 (1977) 13-24. Kalicz, N. – Koós, J.: Eine Siedlung mit ältestneolithischen Hausresten und Gräbern in Nordostungarn. In: . In: Uzdarje Dragoslavu Srejoviću: povodom šezdesetpet godina života od prijatela saradnika i učenika (Ed. M. Lazić). Beograd 1997, 125-135. Kalicz, N – S. Koós, J: Újkőkori arcosedéynek a Kárpát-medence északkeleti részéből (Neolithische Gesichtsgefäße im Nordosten des Karpatenbeckens). HOMÉ 39(2000) 15-44. Kovács, K.: Tiszaszőlős-Aszópart. Az Alföldi Vonaldíszes Kerámia Kultúrájának korai telepe (Előzetes jelentés). (Tiszaszőlős-Aszópart. Eine frühe Siedlung der Alföld-Linienbandkeramik). Tisicum XII (2001), 79-89.